Ehsan Shazali Rashim^1,2,a, Zubaidah Aimi Abdul Hamid^1,b,*, Rosmawani Mohammad ^1,c,*, Mardawani Mohamad^1,d,* and Asep Suhendi^3,e,*  

¹Fakulti Of BioEngineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia

²Computing and Informatics Centre (CCI), Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Malaysia 

³Department of Engineering Physics, School of Electrical Engineering, Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia 

^aehsan.sh@umk.edu.my, ^bzubaidahaimi.ah@umk.edu.my, ^crosmawani@umk.edu.my, ^dmardawani.m@umk.edu.my, ^esuhendi@telkomuniversity.ac.id

Abstract. The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technology into agricultural and industrial processes has revolutionized traditional practices. This new practice has enabled the enhancement of efficiency, sustainability, and monitoring capabilities of bioprocessing the agricultural biomass into high value-added products. This review focuses on the development and application of the IoT on the transformative solution for sustainable kenaf processing by introducing the Kenaf Monitoring System (K-MonS) approach. Kenaf, a versatile crop with significant industrial and environmental benefits, requires precise and real-time monitoring to optimize its processing and quality. The K-MonS system leverages IoT sensors, data analytics, and cloud-based connectivity to address these needs, facilitating improved process control, resource efficiency, and waste reduction. This article explores the system’s design, implementation, and its role in meeting sustainability goals. Additionally, the review highlights the potential of IoT technologies in enhancing the competitiveness of the kenaf industry, aligning with global bioeconomy and sustainable development targets. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the K-MonS system’s impact and its implications for sustainable kenaf processing and broader IoT applications in agriculture and industrial sectors.

Keywords: Kenaf, Internet of Things (IoT), Kenaf Monitoring System (K-MonS)